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Triangle of reference : ウィキペディア英語版 | Triangle of reference
The triangle of reference (also known as the triangle of meaning〔Colin Cherry (1957) ''On Human Communication''〕 and the semiotic triangle) is a model of how linguistic symbols are related to the objects they represent. The triangle was published in ''The Meaning of Meaning'' (1923) by Ogden and Richards.〔C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards (1923) ''The Meaning of Meaning''〕 While often referred to as the "Ogden/Richards triangle" the idea is also expressed in 1810, by Bernard Bolzano, in his ''Beiträge zu einer begründeteren Darstellung der Mathematik''. However, the triangle can be traced back to the 4th century BC, in Aristotle's ''Peri Hermeneias'' (often referred to in its Latin translation ''De Interpretatione'', second book of his ''Organon''). The Triangle relates to the problem of universals, a philosophical debate which split ancient and medieval philosophers (mainly realists and nominalists). The triangle describes a simplified form of relationship between the speaker as subject, a concept as object or referent, and its designation (sign, signans). For more elaborated research see Semiotics. == Interlocutory applications ==
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